A minimum of 150 words each and References Response

A minimum of 150 words each and References Response (#1 – 6) KEEP RESPONSE WITH ANSWER EACH ANSWER NEED TO HAVE A SCHOLARY SOURCE with a Hyperlink

Make sure the Responses includes the Following: (a) an understanding of the weekly content as supported by a scholarly resource, (b) the provision of a probing question. (c) stay on topic

1. Achromatopsia is a disorder that has effects a person’s ability to see color or color perception. A person who suffers from this rare disorder has had disturbances of the central nervous system (Gazzaniga, Ivry, Mangun, 2018). In dissecting the name achromatopsia, it stands for “without hue” or without color. So this individual does not have the ability to see in color, only gray, black and white are seen. The pathology consistency is categorized as V4 and the region anterior to V4, they can still see objects without the color. Although individuals who have this disorder can have visual recognition they may have a more difficult time with shapes due to some shapes requiring color-sensitive neurons for tuning. Therefore, impairing their vision and their ability to perceive shape (Gazzaniga, 2018). A person who with the disorder achromatopsia can still function but they will have a more difficult time with cues that color represents. The book had a good example of line separating, which the certain color of the line defines boundaries that may have been set into place for their safety. There are many boundary lines that separate our visual environment such as red and yellow lines that warn against entering or harm.

2. Gazzaniga, Ivry, and Mangun (2018) explain that a perceptual difference is the phenomenon of individuals having different perceptions to the same stimuli. These perceptual differences are caused by the way in which one processes the information their senses take in. Although it is normal for each person to have different perceptions, there are certain times where individuals have irregularities or dysfunction in one of the projection pathways. One such example of this is known as akinetopsia. This dysfunction causes an individual to have a lack of motion perception. Therefore, the person would see stoppages in time (like a picture) rather than the continuous passage of time. Upon study, this dysfunction appears to be caused by lesions covering the areas of the brain responsible for motion. Those suffering with akinetopsia could greatly have their life impacted, as it could become very difficult to accomplish everyday tasks. Something as simple as pouring a drink or crossing the street could cause the individual trouble. For tasks such as crossing the street, the danger could be immense, as the person could not safely determine how far away the car is, and risk walking in front of a moving car (Gazzaniga, Ivry, & Mangun, 2018). Although one’s perception is crucial for living, it can also become disruptive to everyday life if one suffers from dysfunction of a projection pathway.

3. A perceptual difference that would demonstrate a dysfunction in one of the projection pathways would be the akinetopsia. That causes a deficit in the visual pathway (Gazzaniga, 2018). Akinetopsia a rare condition where a person can lose the visual motion of objects or people (Sakurai, K. 2013). With this condition, the person will see the world around them as snapshots and experience the loss of motion (Gazzaniga, 2018). The patient described in the textbook laid out how one moment they were pouring a cup of tea and the next it was overflowing. Disruptions such as a lack of processing visual motion can lead to frustrating and dangerous situation. For instance, if a patient experiences this dysfunction it can gravely affect their ability to do simple tasks such as cut a carrot or cross a busy street. Not knowing when to stop or how much time one has before doors of the elevator close can affect the basic functioning of a person in their day to day lives.

4. If you had to lose one of your senses which one would you choose and why? Consider the content for this week, how emotionally connected we are to our senses, and how these factors might impact your choice.

5. Our visual information travels down two pathways, these pathways are the dorsal stream and the ventral stream. Each of these pathways work or communicate together but are part of two different lobes of the brain. The dorsal stream informs use were an object is located while the ventral stream informs us what we are looking at. If someone had injured their ventral pathway, they would not be able to recognize what they are looking at and if they have an injury in the dorsal pathway they may have trouble reaching out and grabbing a coffee cup. They may also see thing that are moving that are not moving (Gazzaniga 2018)

6. I like how this question truly correlates with the first DQ1 and in my eyes the topics are similar. The ventral pathway has a more direct focus on shape, color, and depth to whereas dorsal is focused on a visual stimulus. Visual stimulus is when something catches your eye and it can be out of nowhere. In the article Visual Pathways, it states that damage to the dorsal pathway can cause many disorders that influence dealing with objects (Visual Pathways, 2009). Simply this means that you can not see clearly, you may see things abnormally. This can alter the way you see things. An example they had was you may have the ability to see an object, but the exact location may be hard to see due to the damage. When damage occurs to the ventral pathway, it can cause you to not be able to see exactly what the object is. In my DQ 1 post I talked about how someone may be able to use an object properly, but they cannot put a name to it. They will still understand the purpose but the name or what it is can be lost. The severity of the damage on both of these will obviously play a factor but overall, one will affect the way you see it and the ventral pathway will cause you to loose recognition of something or someone.