psychological and physical consequences.

Read the paragraph about the western education system. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Education 1
Change in the education system of post-industrial western societies is inevitable for a
number of reasons. Teacher training should logically be equally focused on the content to be taught to
students and the process of teaching which means the managing of teaching-learning relationships.
Teaching in large schools in western urban centres is now considered a high-stress occupation with serious
social, psychological and physical consequences.
UThere is no Topic stage.
UAll sentences are possible Topic sentences.
The Topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph.
UThe Topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph.
UThe sentences in the Body are in the wrong order.
Read the paragraph about student-teacher relationships. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Education 2
Firstly, teachers’ unions and school authorities are both reporting that within most schools across the
country, relationships between students and between staff and students are seriously breaking down. There
now seem to be regular clashes between staff and students and even between teachers following the years
of industrial action and strikes. There is also now a great deal of evidence that the quality of relationships
between people in any institution is directly related to the quality of work carried out there. The case
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studies presented in Carl Roger’s book (1983) indicate that if relationships in schools improve, then not
only do students produce more and better quality school work but also classroom atmosphere and teacher’s
health improves.
UThere is no Topic stage.
All sentences are possible Topic sentences.
The Topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph. The Topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph.
UThe sentences in the Body are in the wrong order.
Read the paragraph about language learning. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Education 3
Learners have partial exposure to the target language only for a number of hours daily or weekly. In their
daily activites they often do not need to use it, which means there is no urgent incentive to learn. Formal
language learning, like other taught subjects involves book work and learning rules and so may not be
seen as enjoyable. However, if someone chooses to learn in a classroom situation it is likely that there is
some specific motivation and so the learning may be more efficient. The learning of language by adults
taught formally in a classroom situation is very different from children who learn informally.
eThere is no Topic stage.
All sentences are possible Topic sentences.
UThe Topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph.
The Topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph.
OThe sentences in the Body are in the wrong order.
Read the paragraph about developing the insecticide, DDT. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Science 1 (Agriculture)
It was actually first synthesised by a student in Germany in the late 1800s but was later rediscovered in
1939 by Swiss scientist Paul Muller who was looking for an insecticide to stop moths from destroying
textiles. Later it was discovered DDT also protected against other insects like flies and mosquitoes. Its
effectiveness was proved in both agriculture where it saved crops, and in human health, where it prevented
diseases like malaria. It was used in huge quantities for many decades with the US using one billion
kilograms by the early 1970s. All uses of DDT were finally outlawed by the US Environmental Protection
Agency in 1973.
oThere is no Topic stage.
All sentences are possible Topic sentences.
The Topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph.
UThe Topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph.
The sentences in the Body are in the wrong order.
Read the paragraph about the effect of sunlight on animals. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Science 2 (Biology)
All animals divide their rest and activity periods according to periods marked by sunset and sunrise, some
choosing the night for activities, some the day. The amount of light or shorter days indicates to a bear that
it must start preparing for the period of winter hibernation a long time before temperatures drop. The most
significant cue from the environment for the establishment of biological rhythms is light. The increased
light in spring stimulates hormone production wild dogs and so their reproductive cylce starts. Light is by
far the most important ‘timekeeper’ amongst animals, much more so than temperature.
There is no Topic stage.
All sentences are possible Topic sentences.
oThe Topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph.
The Topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph.
UThe sentences in the Body are in the wrong order.
Read the paragraph about alternative medicine. Select a correct analysis from the list below.
Science 3 (Medicine)
Attitudes to alternative medicine have been changing in Australia in the past decades. In the 1980s a
survey shows that only 1.9% of responents had been to see a alternative practitioner in the weeks before
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the survey but by the 1990s the figures had doubled. According to the Australian Journal of Public Health,
in 1990 consultations with alternative therapists made up about 12% of all medical consultations. In 1990,
the figure was 2.6%. The reasons for this are in the journal’s opinion due to the fact that the public is more
educated about alternative therapies,