Complete 19 pages APA formatted article: Mathematical Model for Prediction of Fuel Consumption During Drive Cycles.

Complete 19 pages APA formatted article: Mathematical Model for Prediction of Fuel Consumption During Drive Cycles. As noted earlier, the urban driving cycle is a driving cycle that is representative of an urban setting. It is characterized by low vehicle speed, soft acceleration, and low engine loads. These are the typical driving conditions that are encountered in most European cities. On the other hand, the EUDC segments are added to account for highway, sub-urban, and motorway driveway.

The NEDC is seen to override all previous engine testing directives issued by the European Commission such as 70/220/EC. NEDC testing methods are now the primary means of evaluation for approval of engines and are specified as the Type I testing methods in the original directive. The NEDC has been modified as gasoline engine technology has evolved over recent years. This has been done in an effort to make the testing method more reliable and valid, not merely for real-world driving conditions but also to account for changes to gasoline engine technologies, which were previously being ignored. The test is composed largely around urban driving techniques such that two major testing sections are present that are:

The urban driving cycle is composed of consecutive accelerations, steady speed patches, decelerations as well as idling patches. The contention is to simulate average daily road conditions in any large European city. It needs to be kept in mind that this methodology has been implemented to simulate typical driving conditions based on traffic stops, low-speed driving, and frequent stops as is typical of any urban driving cycle. However, it would be unrealistic to expect that urban driving alone would suffice for testing purposes, especially for fuel consumption testing purposes, so an extra-urban driving mode has also been incorporated for testing. The diagram provided below shows the NEDC graphically in terms of the speed against the testing time.

The EUDC portion of the test, occurring at roughly after 800 seconds of testing is composed of roughly half of steady speed driving. The steady speed for testing is maintained between 75 km/hr and 120 km/hr but the testing speed is not pushed any further to accommodate for legal speed restrictions. Moreover, the other half of the EUDC testing cycle is composed of accelerations, decelerations as well as some idling patches&nbsp.(DEFRA, 2013, p.12).