What changes did the Scientific Revolution entail and was the Scientific Revolution a revolution? What did this age of science owe to the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration? Explo

What changes did the Scientific Revolution entail and was the Scientific Revolution a revolution? What did this age of science owe to the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration? Explo
The Scientific Revolution The scientific revolution is a revolution that led to the emergence of modern science. It occurred during the early modern period. Many developments such as mathematics, biology, chemistry, anatomy, physics, and astronomy happened during the scientific revolution. It transformed the societal view of the world. It began towards the end of the Renaissance period in Europe and continued through the late eighteenth century (McGrath, 2017). It influenced a social movement referred to as the Enlightenment. While there is no scientist’s agreement on the dates, the actual date of the scientific revolution, the publication made by Nicolaus Copernicus in 1543 is often used to cite the beginning of the scientific Revolution (Halpern, 2017). The foundation of the scientific revolution was built from science in the Middle Ages and the ancient Greek leering. It was developed further by medieval Islamic science and Byzantine/Roman science. Throughout the seventeenth century, the Aristotelian tradition was still a vital framework, although philosophers had abandoned it (McGrath, 2017). Various scientific ideas advanced in classical antiquity were abandoned or discredited during the scientific revolution. The ideas which remained were transformed significantly during the scientific revolution. Many methods and ideas used today were developed during the scientific revolution. The scientific methods defined and used in the seventeenth century led to the abandonment of natural and artificial circumstances. A research tradition of systematic experimentation was recognized as the most valid research method (Halpern, 2017). It was highly accepted throughout the scientific community. The philosophy of the inductive approach complemented the earlier Aristotelian approach of deduction. Many scientists held that a mix of inductive and deductive approaches was needed to interpret observations and assumptions. Developments such as the value of the evidence and experimentation lead to a scientific method in which experimentation played an imperative role (McGrath, 2017). British empiricism comes into play to designate the metaphysical differences between two founders, Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon (McGrath, 2017). Descartes distinguished between knowledge that required the world’s experience and the knowledge gained by reason alone. Bacon established and promoted the inductive methodologies or the scientific method for scientific inquiry. George Berkeley, Thomas Hobbes, and David Hume established an advanced empirical tradition. Many new ideas used today also sprout from the scientific revolution. One of these ideas is studying human anatomy based on human corpse dissection rather than dissections of animals, as it was the norm for centuries (Halpern, 2017). Other ideas were the heliocentric model that described that Earth orbits around the sun rather than the existing assumption that Earth was in the center of the universe. Copernicus’ work of 1543 demonstrated that Earth orbited around the sun (Halpern, 2017). The discoveries made by Galileo and Johannes Kepler gave Copernicus’ theory legitimacy. The discovery and studying of magnetism and electricity also developed during the scientific revolution. Notably, the Age of Enlightenment was also influenced by the scientific revolution. The Age of Enlightenment centered on reason as the primary source of authority. It emphasized the significance of the scientific method. By the eighteenth century, the Enlightenment has flourished, and the scientific authority started replacing the religious authority (McGrath, 2017). Science played a crucial role in Enlightenment. Many Enlightenment thinkers and writer has a background in sciences. For instance, Isaac developed the law of gravity, and it has been used for many centuries. Overall, many modern principles were developed or have their roots in the scientific revolution. References Halpern, M. (2017). The revolution of modernization in national and international society. In revolution (pp. 178-214). Routledge. McGrath, J. (2017). The Enlightenment. In The Modernization of the Western World (pp. 105-111). Routledge.