Ranking Salt Solutions by pH

6­2: Ranking Salt Solutions by pH
In this assignment you will be asked to rank aqueous solutions of acids, bases, and salts in order of
increasing pH. This is most easily done by first identifying the strong acids that have the lowest pH, the
strong bases that have the highest pH, and the neutral solutions that have a pH near 7. The weak acids
will have a pH between 1 and 6 and the weak bases between 8 and 14. The exact order of weak acids and
weak bases is determined by comparing the ionization constants (Ka for the weak acids and Kb for the
weak bases). After ranking the pH of these solutions, you will then test your predictions in the laboratory.
1. Arrange the following 0.1 M solutions in order of increasing pH and state why you placed each
solution in that position: NaCH3COO, HCl, HCN, NaOH, NH3, NaCN, KNO3, H2SO4, NH4Cl, H2SO3,
NaHCO3, Na3PO4 and CH3COOH.
In order of increasing pH:

Once you have predicted the nature of each salt solution, you will use Virtual ChemLab to confirm your
prediction. Each solution must be approximately 0.1 M for your comparisons to be valid. Most of the
solutions in the Stockroom are approximately 0.1 M already. Two solutions will need to be diluted and
three solutions will need to be prepared from solid salts. One of these salt solutions is already prepared
and on the lab bench ready for you to measure the pH.

ISBN 0-558-58862-X

2. Start Virtual ChemLab , select Acid-Base Chemistry, and select Ranking Salt Solutions by pH from the
list of assignments. The lab will open in the Titrations laboratory.
3. On the stir plate, there will be a beaker of 0.10 M ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) that has already been
prepared. The pH meter has been calibrated and is in the beaker. Record the pH of the NH4Cl solution
in the data table on the following page. When finished, drag the beaker to the red disposal bucket, and
drag the bottle of NH4Cl to the stockroom counter.

131
Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry, Student Lab Manual/Workbook, V. 4.5, by Brian F. Woodfield, Matthew C. Asplund, and Steven Haderlie. Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright ©
2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Acid-Base Chemistry

4. Click in the Stockroom to enter. Double-click on the NH4Cl bottle to return it to the shelf and then
double-click on the NaHCO3 and KNO3 bottles to move them to the Stockroom counter. Return to the
laboratory
5. Open the beaker drawer (click on it) and drag a beaker to the spotlight next to the Balance. Click and
drag the bottle of NaHCO3 and place on the spot light near the balance. Click in the Balance area to
zoom in. Place a weigh paper on the balance and tare the balance. Open the bottle by clicking on the
lid (Remove Lid). Pick up the Scoop and scoop up some salt by dragging the Scoop to the bottle and
then down the face of the bottle. Each scoop position on the face of the bottle represents a different
size scoop. Pull the scoop down from the top to the second position (approximately 0.20 g) and drag
it to the weigh paper in the balance until it snaps into place. Releasing the scoop places the sample on
the weigh paper. Now drag the weigh paper from the balance to the beaker until it snaps into place
and then empty the salt into the beaker. Return to the laboratory and drag the beaker to the stir plate.
6. Drag the 25 mL graduated cylinder to the sink under the tap until it fills. When filled, it will return to the
lab bench and will indicate that it is full when you place the cursor over the cylinder. Drag the 25
mL cylinder to the beaker on the stir plate and empty it into the beaker. Place the pH probe in the
beaker and record the pH in the data table. Drag the beaker to the red disposal bucket. Double-click
the bottle of NaHCO3 to move it to the Stockroom counter. Repeat steps 5 and 6 for KNO3.
7. Click in the Stockroom. Double-click on the bottles of NH3 and H2SO4 to move them from the shelf to the
counter and return to the laboratory. Drag the bottle of NH3 to one of the three spotlights on the
lab bench. Place a beaker from the drawer on the stir plate. Drag the bottle of NH3 to the 5 mL
graduated cylinder (the smallest one) by the sink and fill the cylinder by dropping the bottle on the
cylinder. Now drag the 5 mL graduated cylinder to the beaker on the stir plate and add the 5 mL of
NH3. Add 20 mL water to the beaker by filling and emptying the 10 mL cylinder into the beaker
twice. Place the pH probe in the beaker and record the pH in the data table. Drag the beaker to the red
disposal bucket. Double-click on the NH3 bottle to move it back to the counter.
8. Repeat step 7 with H2SO4, except that you should use a 10 mL graduated cylinder of H2SO4 and
adding 15 mL water.
9. Each of the other solutions is already approximately 0.1 M. With these solutions you can pour a small
amount into the beaker that you have placed on the stir plate and place the pH probe in the solution to
measure the pH. Record the pH of each solution in the data table. Drag each beaker to the red
disposal bucket when you have finished. You must determine the pH for HCl, H2SO3, CH3COOH
(HAc), HCN, NaOH, NaCN, Na3PO4, and NaCH3COO (NaAc). You may take two bottles at a time
from the stockroom.
Data Table
solution
pH
solution
pH
NH4Cl
CH3COOH (HAc)
HCN
NaHCO3
NaOH
KNO3
NaCN
NH3
H2SO4
NaCH3COO (NaAc)
HCl
Na3PO4
H2SO3

Virtual ChemLab: General Chemistry, Student Lab Manual/Workbook, V. 4.5, by Brian F. Woodfield, Matthew C. Asplund, and Steven Haderlie. Published by Prentice Hall.
Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.

ISBN 0-558-58862-X

132

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 1 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Assess the fundamental science and engineering principles of solid waste management.

? Examine the impact of solid waste on human populations.

Instructions: This assignment will allow you to understand the volume of non-hazardous waste that is generated by small businesses and residential homes. A portion will go to the landfill, and a portion will go into recycling programs for reuse or for repurposing. Being able to calculate these are is important for estimating the size of facilities handling this wastes and of the equipment and personnel required to collect and transport these wastes from point of generation to final disposition.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1)A front loader garbage truck of 40 cu. yd. collects municipal solid waste each week from dumpster bins of apartment complexes located throughout the city. The waste in the truck is compacted to 750 pounds/cu. yd. The uncompacted waste in the dumpster bin is 175 pounds / cu. yd. (For all parts of this question, be sure to show all of your work.)

a) How many full dumpster bins with a 3 cu. yd. capacity can be placed into the garbage truck?

b) If the apartment complex has a mandatory recycling program and each person places only 4 pounds/day of trash into the dumpster bin, how many people can the garbage truck serve before it is full?

c) If the apartment complex has a mandatory recycling program and each person places only 3.5 pounds/day of trash into the dumpster bin, how many more people can the garbage truck serve before it is full?

2) A municipal government has hired you to help them with its recycle program. Using the information in Table 2–13 on page p. 65 of the textbook, propose three key areas where you would focus the municipal program and give your reasons for your proposals. In your answer, be sure to discuss how this program would affect the population of the municipality. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

3) A mobile phone is comprised of 15.5% of copper, and nickel and silver comprise 2.5% as broken down on pg.p. 66, Fig, 2–15. These three metals represent 83% of the potential toxicity that the components of the phone can exert on the environment. Describe how copper is toxic to the environment, and how this can affect the residents of an area. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

4) Describe the elements of the Integrated Solid Waste Management program. Give a detailed discussion and explanation as to which element has the greatest potential to impact affect the success of the program. What science and engineering principles are involved in this program? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.)

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 2 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Assess the fundamental science and engineering principles of solid waste management.

? Relate leadership and management principles to effective solid waste management.

Instructions: In this unit, the management of municipal solid waste starts to be viewed from the perspective of the local government. This involves looking at questions that need to be answered to properly develop waste management policies and practices for the community. Some of the economic aspects of waste management are explored, as all these activities need to be funded and budgeted and paid for by the community.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) Describe three key factors that help to determine the likelihood that a person will litter. Which of these factors is most likely to contribute to the probability that a person will litter. State how you came to this conclusion.

To fight litter in your community, design a six- step actionable litter plan that you can give to a project team to implement. In your plan, include the management principles that go into making this plan. Justify to the implementation team why your plan will be successful. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.)

2) A municipal government has agreed to provide once- per- week waste collection services to a new residential community of 10,000 people. The city council has hired you to make a preliminary assessment to determine if they it should build and operate a transfer station to support the collection. For the initial analysis, assume that the community does not have a recycling program. Here is some of the initial data that the municipal engineer has collected. The round- trip distance from the residential community to the landfill is 58 miles.

• The round- trip distance from the proposed site of the transfer station will be 63 miles.

• Size The size of the residential garbage truck that collects waste from the community is 28 cubic yards.

• The garbage truck is capable to of compacting the refuse to 650 pounds per cubic yard.

• A long- haul truck is capable to of transporting 23 tons of compacted waste per trip.

• The transfer station has a fixed operating cost of $10/ton.

• The cost to operate the garbage truck is $1.30/mile.

• The cost to operate the long- haul truck is $0.56/mile.

a) Using what you have determined from the information above, assess using the principles of solid waste management. Would you recommend to the city council that a transfer station should be built and operated? Show all work on how you came to your answer. Note: Pg.p. 39 – The United Nations (UN) estimates the waste generation rate is 4.8 pound per person per day.

b) If the community operated a recycling program, would this change or support your recommendation to the city council? Show all work on how you came to your answer. Note: Pgp.. 99 – Table 3.-1 – total Total recycled municipal waste is 34.5% of generation. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

3) Phase 1 of the refuse collection system discusses volume-based fee systems and weight-based fee systems.

a) For a residential community, explain why a volume-based fee system would be recommended.

b) Give the reasons for the fee based system that you would recommend for a commercial operation.

c) For a construction site, defend your recommendation for the fee based system that you would recommend.

d) What leadership and/or management principles factored into your recommendation? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

4) Table 3.-1 (pg.p. 99) is a listing of materials collected in recycling programs in 2012.

• Which of these would you recommend to go to a compost pile? What percent of the 2012 recycled materials does this divert?

• Provide your recommendations to the city council for how you would keep materials destined for composting from comingling with the other recycled materials. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 3 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Evaluate the evolution of technologies related solid waste management.

? Describe best practices of solid waste management in an urban society.

Instructions: Advanced treatment technologies will be needed in the future to complement the traditional landfill and incineration options in use today. The objective of these technologies is to prepare wastes for disposal where combustion is present and to derive energy from municipal wastes with the benefit of reducing the volume that is landfilled after treatment. This extends the life of landfills before they become unavailable to the local community and need to be closed. The fuel value of municipal waste explored in this assignment is critical to the efficient operation of advanced technologies.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) The particle size of municipal solid waste (MSW) is best described by a distribution of particle sizes. Referring to Figure 4–12 (pg. 145):

a) List the waste categories that have a larger particle size than the composite curve.

b) List the waste categories that have a smaller particle size than the composite curve.

c) As the blades on the shredder unit begin to wear, will the particle size of the composite curve be shifted towards larger or smaller particles? Explain how you came to your answer.

d) Looking at Table 4–3 (pg. 148), will Houston, TexasTX, or Wilmington, DelDE., have a coarser particle size distribution? Explain how you came to this determination using best practices in solid waste management. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

2) Properties of MSW (For parts A-C, show all of your work for the problems.)

a) As a consultant, your client hands you literature that they it have has received from two manufacturers of shredder equipment. The bulk density specifications of unit “A” is 29.3 lb/Ft3 ft3 and the bulk density of unit “B” is 435 Kgkg/M3m3. Which unit will deliver a higher bulk density refuse? Show your work.

b) Referring to Fig 4–1 (p.g, 127), how far above the floor is the bulk density of the stored MSW when it is compressed to 200 Kgkg/M3m3?

c) What is the potential concern of the facility manager if the moisture content of the stored MSW is 60%?

d) Prepare a table that compares two different shredder technologies presented in the textbook. In the table, list the advantages and disadvantages for each technology. When preparing the table, think about how your two chosen shredders have evolved over time to meet the needs of solid waste engineers. Include information about this in your table. (Your total response for Part D of this question should be at least 100 words.)

3) A local municipality is selling landfill capacity to a neighboring communities to generate additional revenue for the community. The following specifications are known about the facility:

• 25 acres are reserved for use by neighboring communities.

• The volume of waste that can go into the landfill will be limited to 2.5 million yd3

• The neighboring communities are required to deliver MSW at a density of 750 lb/yd3

a) How much revenue can the landfill generate if they it charges $45/ton for the waste received from the neighboring communities. ? Show all work.

b) If the landfill purchases a compressor capable of delivering 1,350 lb/yd3, how much additional revenue can the landfill generate? Show all work.

c) Refer to Fig. 4–6 (pg. 138). What pressure needs to be apply applie to the refuse to deliver a compressed waste to the landfill at of 500 lb/yd3?

d) The landfill is developing criteria for purchasing another compression unit. At what pressure must the compressor operateor to get a bulk density of 1,080 lb/yd3? (For Parts A-D, show all of your work.)

e) What are some of the best practice alternatives that will also generate income to offset landfill operational costs that the municipality might consider if the economics do not support selling landfill capacity to a neighbor that will also generate income to offset landfill operational costs? (Your total response for Part E should be at least 200 words.)

4) Hammermill Shredder

a) Figure 4–9 (pg. 142) shows a diagram of a vertical hammer shredder. Describe the function of the top half of the unit. What happens if the unit does not properly operate?

b) What is the function of the lower half of the unit? What happens if the unit does not properly operate?

c) Define what is meant by characteristic size? (For Parts A-C, show all of your work.)

d) Using Fig 4–16 (pg. 151), does the characteristic size (XO) of the refuse change as higher levels of refuse are processed? How would you explain to your client the variability that you see in the graphs to your client? (Your total response for Part D should be at least 75 words).

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 4 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Evaluate the evolution of technologies related to solid waste management.

? Describe best practices of solid waste management in an urban society.

Instructions: Municipalities make every effort to best use resources and technologies in their management of non-hazardous wastes. It can take 5 five to 10 ten years to construct and to permit a new landfill site. It is to everyone’s advantage to use the space in a manner that the right types of waste are disposed of and that compaction levels of the waste are high. This is accomplished when easily degradable wastes are composted, when particle sizes are uniform and every opportunity is made to remove recyclable content. The technologies in this chapter are examples of the available tools that engineers use to accomplish these objectives, and this assignment will allow you to further explore this topic.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) Consider the residential waste components (1st column in Table 2-6 on page p. 53 in the textbook) and answer the following questions: (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.

a. What components of mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) are rejected in storage and sent via truck to the landfill?

b. What components pass through the trommel screen? What components are screened out through the trommel screen?

c. What components that passed through the trommel screen are captured in the magnetic separator? What components are sent to the flattener?

d. What components are removed in the sorting step? See Figure 5-38 (on p.age 225) for additional details.

e. What materials pass through the sorting step and go into the Hammermill shredding operation?

f. What materials are separated in the air classifier operation?

g. How do these processes demonstrate best practices of solid waste management?

2) A local municipality has plans to annex a suburb community of 80,000 people. Neither the municipality nor the community has a curbside recyclinge program as they both put all of their refuse into the trash bin for collection. The municipality hand sorts the refuse and recognizes that they it will need to hire new employees and establish a budget to hand sort a larger amount of waste. Assume the following: (1) hand sorting is done 8 eight hours per day; 5 five days per week and (2) employees are paid $21/hr, and that includes allotted benefits. (For Parts A and B of this question, show all of your work.)

a. How many new full-time employees will need to be hired?

b. What additional budget should be planned to cover the cost of the new employees?

c. What do you think would happen if these additional employees were not hired? Describe how this would affect the municipality and why it is best to hire these additional employees. (Your response for Part C of this question should be at least 100 words).

3) Your facility has purchased an air classification system with a fan that can generate an air flow rate in the system that goes up to 15 ft/sec. Your hammermill Hammermill shredder is able to provide a wastestream containing plastic that passes a 2 cm grate. The density of the plastic is 0.955 g/cm. The facility does not have the means to conduct a drop test, but as the site consultant, they want you to make your best estimate about whether the unit will separate out the plastic from the shredded waste. Show all work before you give your estimate. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

4) Describe how the terms coding and switching are used in relation to MSW. Show how these terms apply to picking and hand- sorting operations, and describe best practices for each. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

5) a. Describe how these separation technologies have evolved over the last decade. Include the factors that are driving the development and commercialization of these operations to be used in treating municipal solid waste.

b. In your opinion, which of the separation technologies in use today would qualify to be classified as best in class? State your criteria for what qualifies as best in class and state your reasons for your selection. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 5 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Assess the fundamental science and engineering principles of solid waste management.

? Examine the impact of solid waste on human populations.

Instructions: Biological treatment of municipal wastes are the primary means for degrading organic matter and for stabilizing the contents of the landfill. Both aerobic and anaerobic processes are functioning in landfills and compost piles. The majority of regulations are set up to protect these biological populations from being killed off or limited in their ability to complete the degradation cycle. The methane by-product can be used as an energy source to help reduce operating costs and to limit the release of a very strong greenhouse gas into the environment. This assignment will allow you to further explore these concepts.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) Navigate to the Online Library and review some articles on landfills and on compost piles. This assignment is not about summarizing these operations but about analyzing and comparing the differences between these two fundamental principles of solid waste management. Describe when and why each of these fundamentals is appropriate for use to manage municipal solid waste. Include in your discussion details about the differences of microbial mechanisms, the end products of degradation, and of factors that help and harm the performance of these operations. How effective is each one? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 500 words.)

2) A community of 62,000 does not have a municipal recyclinge program, and they it sends all of their its refuse to the municipal landfill. Will the landfill generate enough natural gas to meet the needs of the city if the municipality needs to annually generate 10 million cubic meters of natural gas (methane) and the city collects all of the methane that is generated? How will this affect the population of the city? Explain your answer. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.)

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 6 Assignment

Scholarly Activity

A local municipality expects to close its landfill in one year, and it has decided to adopt a thermal technology for the treatment of its municipal solid waste. The city needs your help to choose between a traditional municipal waste incinerator and a pyrolysis unit. As a solid waste professional, you have been hired by the city council to provide an analysis of these two technologies.

You are tasked with preparing an executive summary that compares the two technologies. Your summary should contain the following items:

a short description of the technologies, their advantages and disadvantages, their waste products, and their economics; the fundamental science and engineering principles of solid waste management that are involved; the laws or standards that factor into your decision;

how your decision will affect the population of the community; and

your recommendation and rationale to the city.

Your executive summary should be a minimum of three pages in length. You must use your textbook and at least one resource from the Online Library in your paper, but other academic sources may be used in addition. Any outside information used must be cited in accordance to APA style, and your paper should be formatted in APA style to include a title page, running head, and reference page.

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 7 Assignment

This assignment will allow you to demonstrate the following objectives:

? Assess the political environment as it relates to solid waste and solid waste management.

? Summarize laws and standards related to solid waste management.

Instructions: The siting of a landfill is always contentious in a community due to operational issues with traffic and odors, and if you live close to the landfill you may deal with a decline in property values. Landfills will eventually generate leachate that can adversely impact the environment if the liner is breached, bringing toxicity to vegetation and contamination to ground water. Having a properly operating landfill can minimize many of these impacts to citizens and to the environment. This assignment will further explore these topics.

Answer the questions directly on this document. When you are finished, select “Save As,” and save the document using this format: Student ID_Unit# (ex. 1234567_UnitI). Upload this document to BlackBoard as a .doc, docx, or .rtf file. The specified word count is given for each question. At a minimum, you must use your textbook as a resource for these questions. Other sources may be used as needed. All material from outside sources (including your textbook) must be cited and referenced in APA format. Please include a reference list after each question.

1) A community generates 225 metric tonnes of municipal solid waste per year.

a. What is the actual average annual production of methane that a community should expect from the landfill operation in BTU per year? (For Part A, show all of your work.)

b. What are the factors, laws, or standards that can limit the amount of methane production in the landfill? (Your total response for Part B should be at least 200 words.)

2) Use the treatment options in Table 8-11 (pg. 357) that lists biological and physical/chemical operations for treating leachate generated from a landfill to answer the following questions. (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 300 words.)

a. Recommend a treatment train that uses one biological and one physical chemical operation. Provide your reason for making this recommendation.

b. In what order would you put these units? Describe your reasoning for your prescribed order.

c. If your proposed treatment scheme does not meet the prescribed permit discharge limits for the facility, what post-treatment technology would you recommend to ensure that discharge limits are met. Provide your reasons for your technology selection.

d. For each part of the question, be sure to explain what law and standards factor into your recommendation or reasoning.

3) Leachate and Groundwater Monitoring

a. Why are landfills designed to have a leachate head of 12 inches on the liner? If the leachate head had the potential to build to 24 inches, what is a simple design technique that could relieve the hydraulic pressure on the liner?

b. What are the monitoring requirements for an operational landfill? Create a table to describe what each parameter measures and why knowing this is important.

c. What are the post-closure monitoring requirements? Create a table to describe what each parameter measures and why knowing this is important? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

4) Assume that a landfill is proposed for a location that is located east of a forest, west of a national park, and north of a major river.

a. What are some political factors that go into deciding if this is an acceptable location for a new regional landfill?

b. What engineering modifications could you recommend that would make this site acceptable to the city council?

c. If the landfill location is rejected, what recommendations would you propose that for managing the municipal solid waste for the community? (Your total response for all parts of this question should be at least 200 words.)

MEE 5901 Advanced Solid Waste Material

Unit 8 Scholarly Activity

You are an engineer in a design, build, and operate construction firm. The firm has received four requests for proposals (RFPs) and can only respond to one of these. You have been asked to review the RFP from Washentaw County, Michigan, and write up a three-page executive summary for the marketing team. After reading all of the executive summaries, the marketing team will make a decision about which, if any, of the RFPs to respond to.

The RFP from Washentaw County is located here: https://www.washtenaw.org/DocumentCenter/View/2386/RFP-6857-PDF

Your executive summary should include the following items:

an introduction that includes a detailed overview of the project scope;

identification of the required information to be included into the company response to the RFP; your concerns about any of the obligations in the RFP; how any negotiations with Washentaw County could affect the decision (i.e.,What collaborative methods of problem solving could be used to solve the marketing team’s problem of choosing an RPF? How could these methods be applied to this situation?); and your justified recommendation to respond or to pass on this business opportunity. This should include a description of the leadership and management principles that factored into your decision.

Also, as stated in the RFP, the criteria for making a decision will depend on the following three areas: price, collection and methodology, and responsiveness to the bid. While you cannot address the price issue, you can cover in your recommendation discussion the collection methodology and the level of detail that you would recommend when responding to the bid.

Your response should be at least three pages in length. At a minimum, you should use information from your textbook to support your answer, but other academic resources may be used as well. Any resources used should by cited in accordance with APA guidelines. Format your response in APA style to include a title page, running head, and reference page.

Module 1 discussion

Time Value of Money

The Eurozone has some countries with severe debt problems: Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, and Spain (sometimes known as PIIGS). These Euro countries are looking for and have been assured of a “bail-out” process so that no one defaults on their debt. What do you now think is likely to happen to the relative value of the Euro?

Important Notes:

Please note that this is an MBA course so you must show and demonstrate your ability to provide reasoning for your response to discussion questions. ?

It is also required that all the students participate on a regular basis and with some serious thoughts; that is, all the students are required to respond to minimum of two other students’ postings with some serious thoughts. In addition, all the students must provide their own answers to Discussion questions.

Also please note that “A” is NOT the “default” grade. In order to receive “A” grades, students must show and demonstrate their ability to provide reasoning for their responses to Case Assignment, SLP, and Discussion questions. All the questions must be answered carefully by providing quality argument (please read all the requirements and instructions); that is, all the requirements for a certain assignment must be met. In addition, all the calculations (if calculation questions were asked) must be correct.

Module 2 discussion

Stocks and Bonds

Prior to the financial crisis in 2007/2008, the U.S. Treasury Department as well as Congress had been asking China to revalue upwards the value of their Renminbi or Yuan. China responded to these repeated requests by allowing the Yuan to trade within a narrow band. The band itself was then shifted upwards or downwards by small increments from time to time. Still, the U.S. claimed that China had not done enough and should raise the value of the Yuan by at least a further 20%. The reasons given to justify this requested increase were as follows:

The artificially low value of the Yuan makes U.S. manufactured exports unattractively priced in China.

The undervalued Yuan leads to excessive U.S. imports of Chinese-made goods, which in turn, leads to an unwelcome trade balance in China’s favor. For example, the trade deficit with China was roughly -$258,506.0 million in year 2007. These numbers shrunk further during 2009 as recession hit the global economy. In year 2011, the trade deficit with China was roughly -295,456.5 million (http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html).

China chose to change their ‘floating’ arrangement and pegged the Yuan to the USD at a rate they selected. China holds such a large investment in U.S. Treasuries as a result of the continuing U.S. trade surpluses that the U.S. does not have a great deal of leverage. If China sold those Treasuries the U.S. dollar would fall significantly in value.

Discuss the issues involved with pegging or floating the Yuan to the US dollar.

Important Notes:

Please note that this is an MBA course so you must show and demonstrate your ability to provide reasoning for your response to discussion questions.

?It is also required that all the students participate on a regular basis and with some serious thoughts; that is, all the students are required to respond to minimum of two other students’ postings with some serious thoughts. In addition, all the students must provide their own answers to Discussion questions.

?Also please note that “A” is NOT the “default” grade. In order to receive “A” grades, students must show and demonstrate their ability to provide reasoning for their responses to Case Assignment, SLP, and Discussion questions. All the questions must be answered carefully by providing quality argument (please read all the requirements and instructions); that is, all the requirements for a certain assignment must be met. In addition, all the calculations (if calculation questions were asked) must be correct.

Module 3 discussion

Cash Flow and Capital Budgeting

What country(ies) do you think is(are) presently attractive for U.S. corporations seeking foreign direct investment opportunities? Take into account any geopolitical/economic/currency risks you are aware of.

Important Notes:

Please note that this is an MBA course so you must show and demonstrate your ability to provide reasoning for your response to discussion questions.

?It is also required that all the students participate on a regular basis and with some serious thoughts; that is, all the students are required to respond to minimum of two other students’ postings with some serious thoughts. In addition, all the students must provide their own answers to Discussion questions.

?Also please note that “A” is NOT the “default” grade. In order to receive “A” grades, students must show and demonstrate their ability to provide reasoning for their responses to Case Assignment, SLP, and Discussion questions. All the questions must be answered carefully by providing quality argument (please read all the requirements and instructions); that is, all the requirements for a certain assignment must be met. In addition, all the calculations (if calculation questions were asked) must be correct.

Module 4 discussion

Cost of Capital

In light of the Enron, Worldcom, option back dating, government bailouts/nationalizations and Madoff scandals, do you think U.S. equity markets are cleaner and more reliable than stock markets in the rest of the world?

Important Notes:

Please note that this is an MBA course so you must show and demonstrate your ability to provide reasoning for your response to discussion questions. ?

It is also required that all the students participate on a regular basis and with some serious thoughts; that is, all the students are required to respond to minimum of two other students’ postings with some serious thoughts. In addition, all the students must provide their own answers to Discussion questions.

?Also please note that “A” is NOT the “default” grade. In order to receive “A” grades, students must show and demonstrate their ability to provide reasoning for their responses to Case Assignment, SLP, and Discussion questions. All the questions must be answered carefully by providing quality argument (please read all the requirements and instructions); that is, all the requirements for a certain assignment must be met. In addition, all the calculations (if calculation questions were asked) must be correct.

Module 4 reflective discussion

Given the readings and assignments in this course discuss three concepts that you believe are likely to be the most important for your own career. Explain how these concepts may be applicable and how you expect the knowledge you have gained to be helpful.

GC ACC 360 week 1 dq 1 & dq

dq 1

Compare and contrast financial, managerial, and cost
accounting. Choose a well-known company, and describe how managers of that
company might use financial, managerial, and cost accounting information. Be
specific. Do not choose a company that one of your classmates has already
written about. Participate in follow-up discussion by adding to your
classmates’ comments.

dq 2

What information does cost accounting provide? What
decisions can be made regarding a manufacturing operation from the data? Be
specific.

GC ACC 360 week 2 dq 1 & dq

dq 1

Find a journal article online about job costing systems. In
the subject line of your post, include the title of the article that you read.
Post a link to that article with your initial post, and provide a summary and a
reaction to the article. The summary should be approximately 250 words, and the
reaction should be approximately 150 words. The summary should describe the
major points of the article, and the reaction should demonstrate your interpretation
of the article and how you can apply that knowledge. Do not choose an article
that one of your classmates has already posted on. To participate in follow-up
discussion, choose one of the articles that your classmates have posted, and
provide your own reaction to it.

dq 2

Compare and contrast actual and normal costing. What is a
benefit of each? What is a circumstance in which each would be appropriate?

GC ACC 360 week 3 dq 1 & dq
dq 1

What are the major differences between job-order costing and
process costing systems? Give an example of a well-known company that might use
job costing, and an example of a well-known company that might use process
costing. Explain why you have chosen the companies that you did, and do not
choose companies that your classmates have already commented upon. Participate
in follow-up discussion by

commenting on your classmates’ choices of companies.

dq 2

“The standard costing method is particularly applicable to
process costing situations.” Do you agree? Why?

GC ACC 360 week 4 dq 1 & dq dq 1

How can broad averaging inappropriately cost products or
services? What are the potential problems that can arise from using a
traditional costing system? Give an example of a well-known company, and
identify what it might use to allocate overhead costs to products using a
traditional system. Next, indicate what activities the company might identify
if they were to use an ABC system. Why might an ABC system be better? Explain.
Participate in follow-up discussion by adding to your classmates’ comments.

dq 2

Describe the ABC method, and provide a detailed example of
where it would be used.

GC ACC 360 week 5 dq 1 & dq
dq 1

What is the difference between a static budget and a
flexible budget? Give an example of a well-known company that might benefit
from using a flexible budget, and an example of a well-known company that might
use a static budget. Explain why you have chosen the companies that you did,
and do not choose companies that your classmates have already commented upon.
Participate in follow-up discussion by

commenting on your classmates’ choices of companies.

dq 2

What types of information can variance analysis provide to
the manager? How can it be used? Give examples.

GC ACC 360 week 6 dq 1 & dq
dq 1

Discuss the three influences on pricing decisions, as
presented in this module’s lecture. Which do you think is most important, and
why?

dq 2

Compare and contrast the three major influences on pricing
decisions (customer, competitor, and costs). What issues should concern the
cost manager in each area, and how might a manager learn what factors are
important in each?

GC ACC 360 week 7 dq 1 & dq
dq 1
Why must costs be allocated? Explain why overhead costs, support department
costs, or joint costs must be allocated to products, and give an example of a
company that might allocate those costs.
dq 2

What is the split-off point? How would you
approach a decision to sell joint products at the split-off point, or process
those products further?

GC ACC 360 week 8 dq 1 & dqdq 1

Find a journal article online about just-in-time inventory
systems. In the subject line of your post, include the name of the article that
you read. Post a link to that article with your initial post, and provide a
summary and a reaction to the article. The summary should be approximately 250
words, and the reaction should be approximately 150 words. The summary should
describe the major points of the article, and the reaction should demonstrate
your interpretation of the article and how you can apply that knowledge. Do not
choose an article that one of your classmates has already posted on. To
participate in follow-up discussion, choose one of the articles that your
classmates have posted, and provide your own reaction to it.

dq 2

Why do better decisions regarding the purchasing and
managing of goods for sale frequently cause dramatic percentage increases in
net income?

GC ACC 360 week 3 assignment
Details:

Please complete the following exercises and/or problems from
the textbook:

• P17-31
• P17-33

Prepare your answers in an Excel workbook, using one
worksheet per exercise or problem.

Save your workbook using the filename
LastnameFirstinitial.ACC 360.T# where the # represents the topic number. For
example, John Doe would submit assignment #5 using the following name:
DoeJ.ACC 360.T5.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

GC ACC 360 week 7 assignment latest 2015 november

Details:

Please complete the following exercises and/or problems from
the textbook:

• E14-22
• P15-30
• E16-23

Prepare your answers in an Excel workbook, using one
worksheet per exercise or problem.

Save your workbook using the filename
LastnameFirstinitial.ACC 360.T# where the # represents the topic number. For
example, John Doe would submit assignment #5 using the following name:
DoeJ.ACC 360.T5.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

GC ACC 360 week 8 assignment latest 2015 november

Details:

Please complete the following exercises and/or problems from
the textbook:

• P18-36
• P18-37
• P18-38
• E20-16
• P20-26

Prepare your answers in an Excel workbook, using one
worksheet per exercise or problem.

Save your workbook using the filename
LastnameFirstinitial.ACC 360.T# where the # represents the topic number. For
example, John Doe would submit assignment #5 using the following name:
DoeJ.ACC 360.T5.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

COMM 4055 Final Examination Period

For this examination, you will be writing an essay about the case study described in the question on this exam. You will be evaluating an actual event using what you already know from the reading leading up to this examination. In particular, you will have read article since your last test on the following topics:

1. Digital Media Law, specifically Copyright Laws
2. Digital Media Ethics

You have previously had readings and videos that discuss the following:

1. Defining New Media
2. On-line Engagement
3. Virtual Communities
4. Digital Political Economy
5. Digital Identity
6. Digital Performance
7. Collective Intelligence
8. Transmediated Storytelling
9. Participatory Culture
10. Gamification and Locative Media
11. Digital Advocacy

The first part of your paper will the details of this situation, and should cover all of these questions:

• Describe the situation in the case study.
• Who would be affected by this decision, both positively and negatively? Who are the relevant stakeholders? Who is affected from the outside the stakeholders?
• What background information concerning this case study exist?
• What do I already know about this general topic?
• What is the underlying problem? What are the symptoms of the problem?
• What is the decision that needs to be made?
• Are there any constraints or limitations?
• Is there an urgency regarding this situation.

The second part of your paper will use what you know from your readings, using cause and effect. For this part of the exam, you want to use the two concepts that you discussed since the last exam, and you will also use two concept from the previous weeks to make your arguments. You may find that some of these concepts will work better with this case study, but I encourage you to synthesis arguments that take unique visions of these concepts. Remember to support your arguments.

• What concepts from your reading are relevant to this question? Why are they relevant to this argument?
• What are the opposing sides of this case? What is the evidence that could be used to support each side of the argument? Where does the relevant information from your readings support one side of the argument?
• Based on the relevant information in your readings, what information is missing?
• What are the alternatives ways to resolve this issue, based on your understanding of your readings? NOTE: You should have two or three alternatives.

The third part of your paper should come to some

• Which side of the argument does you support lean toward based on the information in your readings?
• What questions do you have that would make affect your final determination on this case? What are your expected answers, and how would they affect your final argument?

case study

<pclass=”msonormal” style=”box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: “Open Sans”, “Helvetica Neue”, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;”>Over the past couple of weeks there has been discussions in the news and other media about Facebook and the way that the company allows others, specifically Cambridge Analytica to use the data of unknowing consumers for political purposes. This has brought up the continual questioning of Facebooks own use of customer data, as well as the issues of the way Facebook could be seen as a sloppy steward of the data they have collected.

One articles that highlight the issues is:

Facebook, Big Data, and the Trust of the Public

Facebook is facing these ethical dilemmas as it announces that the company is delving further into AI applications and research, telling consumers that they are approaching this technology with ethics in mind. There are two articles on CNET from yesterday that discuss how the company is moving forward with these projects, though they may not have public support due to fears of customers that their privacy may be violated.

Facebook starts building AI with an ethical compass
Facebook’s new dating service hopes love conquers all, even privacy issues

As these social media companies grow larger and more powerful, and as technology advances, there is a growing concern about the ability of these mega giants to use the evolving technologies to monitor and enact surveillance on unknowing consumers. The following video, though majorly flawed, illustrates a growing concern:

I want to point out that the young man who created this video did some research, and realized that it was the close captioning software that he was using to make the streaming video on Youtube that was pulling out key words to target the advertisement. By the way, this is not the only video on Youtube where people are trying to definitively prove that Google, Facebook, SnapChat, Twitter, and other social media companies are monitoring their customers. As our technology has become more technologically converged, every phone and most computers have a camera and a microphone. Most phone have geotagging capabiities, that can pinpoint any user’s location within a few feet. Phone apps have been using this data for years to tell you how close a potential suitor is to you, or how close a particular business or service is to you. But these apps also know where you are located, and the potential for misuse has always been in the background.

One last link:

http://www.takethislollipop.com/

Warning: If you do not have Adobe Flash plug-in enabled on your computer, go to the Icon in the Address field to enable it. DO NOT click on the Adobe Flash icon on the page, or you may get some pretty nasty pornography click up.

Remember, you are not expected to take a political stand on this issue. You are expected to look at the events and the situation through the “lens” of the reading and the viewing assignments you had been assigned for the first fourteen weeks of class. Though this case study has a political significance, look at those political issue through the lens of your readings.

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